Bitcoin

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system. It is the first decentralized digital currency, as the system works without a central bank or single administrator. The network is peer-to-peer and transactions take place between users directly, without an intermediary. These transactions are verified by network nodes through the use of cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain. Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name Satoshi Nakamoto and released as open-source software in 2009.

Bitcoins are created as a reward for a process known as mining. They can be exchanged for other currencies,products, and services. As of February 2015, over 100,000 merchants and vendors accepted bitcoin as payment. Research produced by the University of Cambridge estimates that in 2017, there are 2.9 to 5.8 million unique users using a cryptocurrency wallet, most of them using bitcoin.

Forks
On Auguest, 2017, the Bitcoin ledger split into two separate branches, known as Bitcoin Core and Cash, respectfully when the debate on addressing the scalability in order to combat high fees broke down. Core implemented the Segwit protocol while Cash increased the blockchain size to 8 MB with possibility to increase it to 32 MB. Core is considered "Bitcoin." Since then, new forks to the ledger have appeared, such as Bitcoin Gold, that all aim to compete with Core and Cash.